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ISSN - 2391-9361
Volume 15, issue 1 SYSTEMY WSPOMAGANIA W INŻYNIERII PRODUKCJI
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vol. 15, iss. 1/1
Łukasz CIEŚLIK, Piotr KULINOWSKI Abstract: This paper presents an analysis of selected designs of mechanical storage bins in relation to three primary functions: run-of-mine material retention, waste rock separation, and stabilization of material stream capacity. The study also systematizes technical solutions that ensure effective implementation of these functions, as well as those with limited applicability. The analysis has shown that the range of functions performed by a storage bin depends primarily on its design, loading and unloading methods, and the possibility of implementing a bypass function, rather than solely on its storage capacity. Keywords: mechanical storage bins, run-of-mine material retention, material stream stabilization, waste rock separation, underground transport |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/2
Paweł KOCHAJ, Piotr KULINOWSKI Abstract: This article presents horizontal transportation of personnel in underground hard coal mines. It is indicated that the effectiveness of a transport system depends primarily on the degree of its integration with the mine infrastructure, the condition and characteristics of the transport route, traffic organization, and the level of technical and diagnostic supervision, rather than solely on the nominal parameters of the applied means of transport. Against the background of the solutions currently in use, the transport system of LW „Bogdanka” S.A. is characterized, based on the cooperation of rail-bound transport, suspended monorails, and belt conveyors. Particular attention is devoted to belt conveyors adapted for personnel transport, identifying the key determinants of their safe operation, including safety systems, operational parameter monitoring, legal requirements and approval procedures, as well as personnel training programs. The process of implementing personnel transport by belt conveyors at LW „Bogdanka” S.A. is presented. The commissioning of the first belt conveyor for personnel transport resulted in a reduction of crew travel time, an extension of effective working time in the longwall district, and a decreased use of diesel-powered rail transport. The results also indicate significant energy-related benefits and an improvement in the mine microclimate due to the reduction of heat emission, noise, and exhaust gases. In conclusion, it is emphasized that further development of personnel transport systems should focus on crew training, automation of supervision, implementation of predictive maintenance strategies, and integration with digital mine management systems. Keywords: underground transport; underground mine; transport systems; personnel transport; occupational safety |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/3
Jolanta IGNAC-NOWICKA Abstract: This article addresses the problem of static loads occurring during manual work in the production process. Static load analysis using 3D SSPP computer analysis software was conducted at a sample workstation where workers prepare aluminum profiles for anodizing. The analyzed work involves manual work involving mounting profiles on a frame. Computer simulations were conducted for two work positions during profile mounting: standing, leaning, and squatting. The results were generated for the largest group of potential workers, i.e. 50c. This article presents a detailed analysis of the static loads occurring on various parts of the worker's body and proposes technical solutions for optimizing manual work processes and increasing work comfort. Furthermore, it reviews the literature on new solutions using artificial intelligence (AI) for ergonomic analyses of manual work and identifies directions for the development of automation in such ergonomic analyses. Keywords: static workloads, computer simulation of workloads, AI in ergonomics |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/4
Jacek KRYCH, Julia WIĘCKOWSKA Abstract: The article analyzes the relationship between the inhabitants of Podlasie and the natural environment surrounding them, as well as the influence of this relationship on the development of the region’s traditional architecture. Particular attention is devoted to the role of the Białowieża Forest as a natural, cultural, and symbolic space which for centuries shaped the rhythm of life of local communities and served as the primary source of building materials. The paper discusses the importance of wood as the dominant construction material and its influence on the development of characteristic forms of Podlasie architecture. The article also presents the health-related properties and the impact of natural building materials on indoor microclimate and human well-being, as well as the way in which the traditional wooden architecture of Podlasie constitutes an example of harmonious coexistence between humans and the natural environment while simultaneously remaining an important element of the region’s cultural heritage. Keywords: Białowieża Forest, wooden architecture, nature, tradition, health |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/5
Jerzy WOJEWÓDKA, Julia WIĘCKOWSKA, Julia PUCZKA Abstract: The article undertakes a comparative analysis of the most important areas in the field of funerary architecture in the context of the northern and southern geographical regions of Poland. Among other things, the location and form of cemeteries were discussed in the context of the beliefs of the peoples living in given regions, as well as the symbolism of elements characteristic of them. The topics of architecture and sepulchral design on a micro scale were also discussed – discussion of the burial structures of individual regions. The subject of the work is based entirely on wooden necropolises as the most widespread in the history of funerary architecture, and attention is also paid to the symbolism and importance of the use of wood in this type of architecture. Keywords: funerary architecture, wooden architecture, cemeteries, Podlasie, Podkarpacie |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/6
Jacek SITKO, Marek WENDE Abstract: This article provides an overview of selected research methods and tools used at the Department of Production Engineering, Silesian University of Technology. As part of laboratory classes, students of the Faculty of Organization and Management at the Silesian University of Technology conduct practical tests on materials and engineering products. The aim is to familiarize them with the operation of testing equipment, develop the skills to perform specific measurement operations on machines, and understand the properties of the tested materials. Under the supervision of the instructor, this usually takes two hours, depending on the students’ progress. Initially, they learn to perform specific procedures on a testing machine, such as the Rockwell stationary hardness tester. Once they have acquired sufficient skills to perform accurate and safe measurements, they proceed to actual macrohardness tests or hardness distribution analyses, e.g., of a steel welded joint, etc. Sample results are presented in the article. Of course, the students’ research work is preceded by a theoretical introduction (lecture) conducted by the instructor to familiarize them with the purpose of the procedures, Keywords: test, material, measurement, machine |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/7
Joanna DROBIEC Abstract: In existing structures, wood is exposed to various biotic and abiotic factors. These factors cause wood to lose its desired physical and mechanical properties. Determining the structural condition of a structure is a difficult task, related to determining the number of defects in the wood. Decisions regarding repair or reinforcement are based on the assessment of its technical condition. Assessing the technical condition of historic buildings often prevents the use of destructive methods to determine the number of defects and the strength of the timber, therefore, the development of non-destructive diagnostic methods is crucial. This paper describes methods for analysing biological corrosion in existing wooden structural elements. Problems encountered in historic buildings during the assessment of their technical condition are presented. Non-destructive and semi-destructive methods for assessing the degree of degradation and strength of wood, such as a wood hammer and ultrasonic devices, are described. The results of examinations of the roof truss and attic ceiling of a historic hospital building are presented. The examinations were performed using an ultrasonic tomograph. It was demonstrated that ultrasonic tomography allows for a quick and accurate assessment of the extent of biological corrosion. Keywords: historic wood, wood defects, wood testing methods, non-destructive and semi-non-destructive methods |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/8
Ivan ZAJACKO, Milan SAGA, Zuzana SAGOVA, Pavol BOZEK Abstract: The article discusses the issues of designing and developing a control system for a high-payload mobile robot (MR). Based on the technical assignment for the final qualifying work, requirements for the system were formulated: robot mass 100 kg, payload 100 kg, maximum speed 2 m/s. A control system architecture is proposed, including navigation, positioning, and obstacle detection subsystems. The trilateration method based on active ultrasonic beacons with digital temperature compensation of the speed of sound was used to determine coordinates, and a combination of incremental encoders and an electronic compass was used for local orientation. The motion control and obstacle avoidance algorithms are described. The results of modeling and polygon tests confirm the possibility of achieving positioning accuracy of ±10 cm and motion stability under full load. Keywords: Mobile robot, Control system, Navigation, Trilateration, Ultrasonic sensors, Electronic compass, Obstacle avoidance Algorithm, Temperature compensation |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/9
Grażyna PŁAZA, Patrycja KABIESZ Abstract: The dynamic development of digital technologies affects almost all areas of operation in modern enterprises, including the processes of employee education and professional development. This is particularly important in the area of occupational health and safety (OHS), where the effectiveness of training directly influences the level of employee safety and helps reduce the number of workplace accidents. Traditional forms of OHS training, based mainly on lectures and text-based materials, are increasingly proving insufficient in the face of the growing complexity of the work environment and the needs of contemporary organizations. In response to these challenges, enterprises are implementing modern technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR), which enable the creation of more engaging, interactive, and effective forms of employee education. The aim of this article is to present the possibilities of using artificial intelligence and VR technologies in OHS training, as well as to analyze the benefits and challenges associated with the implementation of these solutions in the workplace. Keywords: education, occupational health and safety training, artificial intelligence (AI), augmented and virtual reality (AR & VR) |
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vol. 15, iss. 1/10
Andrzej WIECZOREK Abstract: Aging societies are a significant civilizational problem. Among other things it will be visible in the industrial environment, where the proportion of older people in the total workforce continues to increase. Therefore, this article addresses the implementation of geroninnovations as a means or method of supporting older adults in their lives. This concept is defined, this type of innovation is classified, and examples of its application are provided. Furthermore, the process of implementing innovations is discussed. The possibilities of implementing geroninnovations in the industrial environment are also highlighted. Keywords: older persons, gerontechnology, geroninnovation, management, design, maintenance |
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ol. 15, iss. 1/11
Krzysztof ŻYWICKI, Paulina REWERS, Jędrzej IGLEWSKI Abstract: This article presents a case study on the implementation of an IT system, marketed under the name Digit.io factory, designed to actively manage the production process. The case study concerns a manufacturing company in the printing industry (wallpaper and poster printing), which is characterised by high order variability and product diversity. As part of the research, an analysis of the current state was carried out, the main problems were identified, and, based on these, a decision-making model for production control was developed. On this basis, an IT system was configured and implemented, which underwent functional testing and assessment of its impact on production efficiency. Its validation demonstrated that the implementation of the system contributed to a reduction in the lead time for production orders and to their on-time completion. Keywords: production control, production scheduling, production data analysis, production digitalisation |
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ol. 15, iss. 1/12
Juraj RUŽBARSKÝ, Tibor KRENICKÝ Abstract: This study investigates the influence of plunger velocity and intensification pressure on porosity formation and permanent deformation of AlSi9Cu3 high-pressure die castings. The objective was to identify process windows that minimize internal defects and improve mechanical response in a geometrically critical region of an automotive component. Experiments were conducted on alternator flange castings under plunger velocities ranging from 2.0 to 3.2 m·s⁻¹ and intensification pressures from 13 to 25 MPa. Permanent deformation was evaluated using a two-step loading–unloading procedure, while porosity was quantified on metallographic sections. The results show a non-monotonic dependence of mechanical response on plunger velocity, with an optimal range identified at approximately 2.6–3.0 m·s⁻¹, where both porosity and deformation reach minimum values. In contrast, intensification pressure exhibits a near-monotonic beneficial effect, continuously reducing porosity and deformation due to improved compensation of solidification shrinkage. A strong correlation between porosity and permanent deformation was observed, confirming the dominant role of internal defects in controlling the local mechanical performance of HPDC AlSi9Cu3 castings. Keywords: high-pressure die casting; AlSi9Cu3; plunger velocity; intensification pressure; porosity; permanent deformation; defect formation; mechanical response |
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